117 lines
4.1 KiB
HTML
117 lines
4.1 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>Reference — German Word Order</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/style.css">
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<style>
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body { font-size: 16px; }
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h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
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.rule-box { margin: 1rem 0; }
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.grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; margin: 1rem 0; }
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@media (max-width: 500px) { .grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
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.card {
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background: white;
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border: 1px solid var(--border);
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border-radius: var(--radius);
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padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
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font-size: 0.88rem;
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}
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.card .label { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--ink-faint); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
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.card .de { display: inline; font-size: 0.88em; }
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.card .wrong { font-size: 0.82em; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="page">
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<p class="subtitle">Reference Sheet · Print-friendly</p>
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<h1>German Word Order</h1>
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<h2>V2 Rule — Main Clauses</h2>
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<div class="rule-box">
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<strong>Formula</strong>
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<div class="formula">[ Slot 1: anything ] → FINITE VERB → Subject → rest</div>
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</div>
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<p>The finite verb <em>always</em> occupies slot 2 in a main clause. When the subject is in slot 1, no inversion is needed. When anything else is in slot 1, the subject and verb swap.</p>
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<div class="grid">
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Subject first — no inversion</div>
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<code class="de">Ich habe heute Code-Review gemacht.</code>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Time first — inversion</div>
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<code class="de">Heute habe ich Code-Review gemacht.</code>
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<div class="wrong">✗ Heute ich habe …</div>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Sequence adverb — inversion</div>
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<code class="de">Danach habe ich die E-Mail geschrieben.</code>
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<div class="wrong">✗ Danach ich habe …</div>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Location first — inversion</div>
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<code class="de">In Heitersheim gibt es viele Wege.</code>
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<div class="wrong">✗ In Heitersheim es gibt …</div>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Reason connector — inversion</div>
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<code class="de">Deshalb schreibe ich dir.</code>
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<div class="wrong">✗ Deshalb ich schreibe …</div>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="label">Object fronted — inversion</div>
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<code class="de">Das Ticket habe ich gestern geschlossen.</code>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2>Verb-Final — Subordinate Clauses</h2>
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<div class="rule-box">
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<strong>Conjunctions that send the verb to the end</strong>
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<div class="formula">weil • dass • ob • wenn • obwohl • damit • bevor • nachdem</div>
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</div>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<th>Main clause</th>
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<th>Subordinate clause</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Ich bin bereit,</td>
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<td>wenn die Reinigung nicht möglich <strong>ist</strong>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Ich weiß nicht,</td>
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<td>ob das Ticket schon geschlossen <strong>wurde</strong>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Er sagt,</td>
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<td>dass er morgen ins Büro <strong>kommt</strong>.</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h2>Common Front Elements (trigger V2 inversion)</h2>
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<table>
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<tr><th>Category</th><th>Words</th></tr>
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<tr><td>Time</td><td><code>heute, gestern, morgen, letzte Woche, am Freitag, um 9 Uhr</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Sequence</td><td><code>dann, danach, zuerst, zuletzt, anschließend</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Reason</td><td><code>deshalb, daher, deswegen, aus diesem Grund</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Contrast</td><td><code>trotzdem, dennoch, jedoch, allerdings</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Addition</td><td><code>außerdem, auch, zudem</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Condition</td><td><code>sonst (otherwise)</code></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p style="font-size:0.85rem; color: var(--ink-faint); margin-top: 2rem;">
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← <a href="../lessons/0001-v2-word-order.html">Back to Lesson 1</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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