364 lines
17 KiB
HTML
364 lines
17 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>Lesson 2 — Noun Gender: Daily Life in Germany</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/style.css">
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<style>
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.scenario-group { margin: 1.5rem 0; }
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.scenario-label {
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font-size: 0.8rem;
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text-transform: uppercase;
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letter-spacing: 0.07em;
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color: var(--ink-faint);
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margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
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}
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.noun-grid {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
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gap: 0.5rem;
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margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
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}
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.noun-card {
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background: white;
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border: 1px solid var(--border);
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border-radius: var(--radius);
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padding: 0.6rem 0.9rem;
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font-size: 0.92rem;
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}
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.noun-card .article { font-weight: bold; }
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.noun-card .article.der { color: #2e5d9e; }
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.noun-card .article.die { color: #8b1a1a; }
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.noun-card .article.das { color: #1e6b3c; }
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.noun-card .noun-en { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--ink-faint); margin-top: 0.1rem; }
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.pattern-row { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0.5rem 0 1rem; }
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.pattern-tag {
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background: var(--bg-warm);
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border: 1px solid var(--border);
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border-radius: 20px;
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padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
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font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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}
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.pattern-tag.die { border-color: #c97070; background: #fdecea; color: #8b1a1a; }
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.pattern-tag.der { border-color: #7094c9; background: #eaeefd; color: #1d3f6e; }
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.pattern-tag.das { border-color: #70a98a; background: var(--green-bg); color: #1e6b3c; }
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.option-btn.opt-der { border-left: 3px solid #2e5d9e; }
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.option-btn.opt-die { border-left: 3px solid #8b1a1a; }
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.option-btn.opt-das { border-left: 3px solid #1e6b3c; }
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.options { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; }
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.option-btn { flex: 1; min-width: 80px; text-align: center; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="page">
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<p class="subtitle">Lesson 2 of your German course</p>
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<h1>Noun Gender: The Words You Use Every Week</h1>
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<p class="subtitle">B1.2 · Vocabulary · ~20 minutes</p>
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<h2>Why gender keeps tripping you up</h2>
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<p>
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German has three genders — <strong style="color:#2e5d9e">der</strong> (masculine), <strong style="color:#8b1a1a">die</strong> (feminine), <strong style="color:#1e6b3c">das</strong> (neuter) — and they affect every adjective, pronoun, and article you attach to a noun. There is no shortcut that covers everything, but there are <em>reliable suffix patterns</em> that handle a large chunk of everyday vocabulary.
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</p>
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<h2>Suffix shortcuts worth memorising</h2>
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<p><strong style="color:#8b1a1a">Always die</strong> — these suffixes never deviate:</p>
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<div class="pattern-row">
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-ung</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-heit</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-keit</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-schaft</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-tion</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag die">-in (person)</span>
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</div>
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<p>So: die Reservier<strong>ung</strong>, die Reinig<strong>ung</strong>, die Überweisund, die Gesund<strong>heit</strong>, die Friseur<strong>in</strong>.</p>
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<p><strong style="color:#2e5d9e">Usually der</strong></p>
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<div class="pattern-row">
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<span class="pattern-tag der">-er (profession/agent)</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag der">-arzt (compound)</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag der">-wechsel</span>
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</div>
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<p>So: der Mechan<strong>iker</strong>, der Zahn<strong>arzt</strong>, der Kinder<strong>arzt</strong>, der Öl<strong>wechsel</strong>.</p>
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<p><strong style="color:#1e6b3c">Always das</strong></p>
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<div class="pattern-row">
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<span class="pattern-tag das">-chen</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag das">-lein</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag das">-ment</span>
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<span class="pattern-tag das">-um</span>
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</div>
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<p>So: das Restau<strong>rant</strong>, das Warte<strong>zimmer</strong> (neuter because Zimmer is always das).</p>
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<h2>The nouns you actually need</h2>
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<div class="scenario-group">
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<div class="scenario-label">Doctor & Dentist</div>
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<div class="noun-grid">
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Zahnarzt<div class="noun-en">dentist</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Kinderarzt<div class="noun-en">paediatrician</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Hausarzt<div class="noun-en">GP / family doctor</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Termin<div class="noun-en">appointment</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Überweisung<div class="noun-en">referral</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Zahnreinigung<div class="noun-en">teeth cleaning</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article das">das</span> Wartezimmer<div class="noun-en">waiting room</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article das">das</span> Rezept<div class="noun-en">prescription</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Krankenkasse<div class="noun-en">health insurance</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Krankenversicherungskarte<div class="noun-en">health insurance card</div></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="scenario-group">
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<div class="scenario-label">Hairdresser</div>
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<div class="noun-grid">
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Friseur<div class="noun-en">hairdresser (m)</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Friseurin<div class="noun-en">hairdresser (f)</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Haarschnitt<div class="noun-en">haircut</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Länge<div class="noun-en">length</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Spitzen<div class="noun-en">ends (of hair) — plural</div></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="scenario-group">
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<div class="scenario-label">Restaurant</div>
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<div class="noun-grid">
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article das">das</span> Restaurant<div class="noun-en">restaurant</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Reservierung<div class="noun-en">reservation</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Tisch<div class="noun-en">table</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Speisekarte<div class="noun-en">menu</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Rechnung<div class="noun-en">bill</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article das">das</span> Trinkgeld<div class="noun-en">tip (gratuity)</div></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="scenario-group">
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<div class="scenario-label">Car & TÜV</div>
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<div class="noun-grid">
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> TÜV<div class="noun-en">vehicle inspection</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Ölwechsel<div class="noun-en">oil change</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Werkstatt<div class="noun-en">garage / workshop</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Reifenwechsel<div class="noun-en">tyre change</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Inspektion<div class="noun-en">service / inspection</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Kostenvoranschlag<div class="noun-en">cost estimate / quote</div></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="scenario-group">
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<div class="scenario-label">General admin</div>
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<div class="noun-grid">
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Quittung<div class="noun-en">receipt</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Rechnung<div class="noun-en">invoice / bill</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article das">das</span> Formular<div class="noun-en">form</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article die">die</span> Unterschrift<div class="noun-en">signature</div></div>
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<div class="noun-card"><span class="article der">der</span> Ausweis<div class="noun-en">ID / card</div></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<hr style="border:none; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 2.5rem 0;">
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<h2>Drill — pick the right article</h2>
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<p>Ten questions. The sentence gives you context; choose <strong style="color:#2e5d9e">der</strong>, <strong style="color:#8b1a1a">die</strong>, or <strong style="color:#1e6b3c">das</strong>.</p>
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<div class="quiz-section" id="quiz"></div>
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<div class="score-bar" id="score-bar">
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<span class="score-number" id="score-number"></span> — <span id="score-comment"></span>
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</div>
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<hr style="border:none; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 2.5rem 0;">
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<h2>Useful phrases for these situations</h2>
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<table>
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<tr><th>Situation</th><th>What to say</th></tr>
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<tr><td>Making an appointment</td><td><code>Ich würde gerne einen Termin vereinbaren.</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>At the hairdresser</td><td><code>Nur die Spitzen bitte, ungefähr zwei Zentimeter.</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Restaurant reservation</td><td><code>Ich möchte einen Tisch für zwei Personen reservieren.</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>At the garage</td><td><code>Können Sie mir einen Kostenvoranschlag machen?</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Asking for the bill</td><td><code>Die Rechnung bitte.</code> or <code>Können wir zahlen?</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Dental referral</td><td><code>Brauche ich dafür eine Überweisung?</code></td></tr>
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</table>
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<h2>Primary source for this lesson</h2>
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<p>
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<a href="https://www.dw.com/de/deutsch-lernen/top-thema/s-8031" target="_blank">DW Top-Thema</a> publishes weekly audio articles at B1 level with full transcripts. Each episode introduces 10–15 words in context — far more memorable than a list. Aim for one episode per day this week.
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</p>
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<div class="ask-teacher">
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<strong>Ask your teacher:</strong> When you're out this week — at the Zahnarzt, the Werkstatt, anywhere — notice the nouns you hear and aren't sure about. Bring them back here and ask. Real-world vocabulary sticks faster than anything in a lesson.
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</div>
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<div class="lesson-nav">
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<strong>Related:</strong>
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<a href="../reference/daily-life-nouns.html">Daily Life Nouns Reference</a> ·
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<a href="0001-v2-word-order.html">Lesson 1: V2 Word Order</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script>
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const questions = [
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{
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sentence: "___ Termin beim Zahnarzt ist am Donnerstag um 10 Uhr.",
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correct: "Der",
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options: ["Der", "Die", "Das"],
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feedback: "<strong>der Termin</strong> — masculine. No suffix rule, this one you memorise. It comes up constantly."
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},
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{
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sentence: "Ich habe ___ Reservierung für Freitagabend gemacht.",
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correct: "eine",
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options: ["einen", "eine", "ein"],
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feedback: "<strong>die Reservierung</strong> → feminine → indefinite accusative: <em>eine</em>. The <code>-ung</code> ending is always <em>die</em>."
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},
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{
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sentence: "___ Wartezimmer beim Kinderarzt war voller Spielzeug.",
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correct: "Das",
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options: ["Der", "Die", "Das"],
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feedback: "<strong>das Wartezimmer</strong> — neuter. Zimmer (room) is always <em>das</em>, and compounds inherit the gender of their last element."
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},
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{
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sentence: "Brauche ich ___ Überweisung vom Hausarzt?",
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correct: "eine",
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options: ["einen", "eine", "ein"],
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feedback: "<strong>die Überweisung</strong> → feminine → accusative: <em>eine</em>. The <code>-ung</code> suffix again."
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},
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{
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sentence: "___ TÜV ist in zwei Monaten fällig.",
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correct: "Der",
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options: ["Der", "Die", "Das"],
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feedback: "<strong>der TÜV</strong> — masculine. No suffix to help here; memorise it."
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},
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{
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sentence: "Die Werkstatt macht ___ Ölwechsel für 75 Euro.",
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correct: "einen",
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options: ["einen", "eine", "ein"],
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feedback: "<strong>der Ölwechsel</strong> → masculine → accusative: <em>einen</em>. The <code>-wechsel</code> compound is always <em>der</em>."
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},
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{
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sentence: "___ Zahnreinigung tut manchmal ein bisschen weh.",
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correct: "Die",
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options: ["Der", "Die", "Das"],
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feedback: "<strong>die Zahnreinigung</strong> — feminine. <code>-ung</code> ending: always <em>die</em>."
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},
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{
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sentence: "Ich habe ___ Kostenvoranschlag von der Werkstatt bekommen.",
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correct: "einen",
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options: ["einen", "eine", "ein"],
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feedback: "<strong>der Kostenvoranschlag</strong> → masculine → accusative: <em>einen</em>."
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},
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{
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sentence: "___ Rechnung war höher als erwartet.",
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correct: "Die",
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options: ["Der", "Die", "Das"],
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feedback: "<strong>die Rechnung</strong> — feminine. Another <code>-ung</code> word."
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},
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{
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sentence: "Der Friseur hat ___ Haarschnitt sehr gut gemacht.",
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correct: "den",
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options: ["den", "die", "das"],
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feedback: "<strong>der Haarschnitt</strong> → masculine → definite accusative: <em>den</em>. Schnitt (cut) is masculine, compounds follow."
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}
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];
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// Option order: mix of correct-first and correct-second positions
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// For 3-option questions the correct answer appears at positions: 0,1,2,0,1,2,0,1,2,0
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const correctPositions = [0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0];
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const quiz = document.getElementById('quiz');
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let answered = 0;
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let correct = 0;
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const total = questions.length;
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questions.forEach((q, i) => {
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// Place correct answer at predetermined position, fill rest with distractors
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const correctPos = correctPositions[i];
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const distractors = q.options.filter(o => o !== q.correct);
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const opts = [];
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let di = 0;
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for (let j = 0; j < q.options.length; j++) {
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if (j === correctPos) opts.push(q.correct);
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else opts.push(distractors[di++]);
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}
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const block = document.createElement('div');
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block.className = 'question-block';
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block.id = 'q' + i;
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const articleClass = q.correct === 'Der' || q.correct === 'den' || q.correct === 'einen'
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? 'der' : q.correct === 'Die' || q.correct === 'die' || q.correct === 'eine'
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? 'die' : 'das';
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block.innerHTML = `
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<div class="question-text">
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<strong>${i + 1}.</strong> ${q.sentence.replace('___ ', '<span class="blank" style="color:transparent;border-bottom:2px solid #aaa;min-width:50px;display:inline-block;"> </span> ')}
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</div>
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<div class="options">
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${opts.map(opt => {
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const cls = (opt === 'der' || opt === 'Der' || opt === 'den' || opt === 'einen') ? 'opt-der'
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: (opt === 'die' || opt === 'Die' || opt === 'eine') ? 'opt-die' : 'opt-das';
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return `<button class="option-btn ${cls}" onclick="answer(${i}, '${opt}', this)">${opt}</button>`;
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}).join('')}
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</div>
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<div class="feedback" id="fb${i}"></div>
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||
`;
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||
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||
quiz.appendChild(block);
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||
});
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||
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||
function answer(i, chosen, btn) {
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const q = questions[i];
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||
const block = document.getElementById('q' + i);
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||
const fb = document.getElementById('fb' + i);
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||
const buttons = block.querySelectorAll('.option-btn');
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||
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buttons.forEach(b => b.disabled = true);
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const isCorrect = chosen === q.correct;
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answered++;
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if (isCorrect) {
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correct++;
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block.classList.add('correct');
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btn.classList.add('selected-correct');
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fb.className = 'feedback show correct-fb';
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||
fb.innerHTML = '✓ Correct. ' + q.feedback;
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||
} else {
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||
block.classList.add('incorrect');
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||
btn.classList.add('selected-incorrect');
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||
fb.className = 'feedback show incorrect-fb';
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||
fb.innerHTML = '✗ ' + q.feedback;
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||
buttons.forEach(b => {
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if (b.textContent.trim() === q.correct) b.classList.add('reveal-correct');
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||
});
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||
}
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||
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||
if (answered === total) showScore();
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||
}
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||
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||
function showScore() {
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const bar = document.getElementById('score-bar');
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||
const num = document.getElementById('score-number');
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||
const comment = document.getElementById('score-comment');
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||
bar.classList.add('show');
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num.textContent = correct + ' / ' + total;
|
||
if (correct === total) {
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||
comment.textContent = 'All ten — the suffix patterns are working. Use these words out loud this week.';
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||
} else if (correct >= 8) {
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comment.textContent = 'Strong. Revisit the ones you missed — usually the -ung pattern wasn\'t firing fast enough.';
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} else if (correct >= 6) {
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comment.textContent = 'The patterns are forming. Run the drill again tomorrow.';
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||
} else {
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||
comment.textContent = 'Spend five minutes tonight rereading the noun cards, then try again.';
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||
}
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||
}
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||
</script>
|
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||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|